Clinical microbiology explores the biology of microbes and the mechanisms by which they cause disease, from molecular traits to population-level effects. This volume presents the groundwork by explaining microbial structure, virulence factors, host–pathogen interactions, and the immune responses that determine clinical outcomes. It covers core laboratory methods—culture, microscopy, staining, and molecular diagnostics—paired with interpretation guidance that clinicians can apply. Pathogenesis chapters link basic science to clinical syndromes, showing why organisms produce particular signs, symptoms, and complications. Sections on antimicrobial agents introduce principles of therapy and resistance in a way that bridges bench knowledge and bedside decisions. Ideal for medical students, microbiologists, and trainees who need a rigorous yet approachable foundation.